Or it can develop slowly, resulting from repetitive motions or age-related degeneration. Many people who visit a doctor with shoulder pain have a problem with their rotator cuff.Ī rotator cuff injury can happen suddenly, such as falling on your outstretched arm. From top to bottom, their order is the same as the acronym: Unlike the other three muscles, the subscapularis attaches to the front, not the back, of your upper arm.Įach of these four muscles attaches to the upper part of your humerus at a different point. It participates in most shoulder motions but is especially important for rotation of your arm toward the midline of your body (medial rotation). It’s the strongest, largest, and most used of the four rotator cuff muscles. Subscapularis is a large triangular-shaped muscle that lies below the other three.It also contributes to lateral (external) rotation of your arm. Teres minor is a small, narrow muscle on the back of your shoulder blade just below the infraspinatus.It covers the back of your shoulder blade deep below the skin and close to the bone. Infraspinatus is the main muscle responsible for lateral rotation of your arm away from the centerline of your body. After that, your deltoid and trapezius muscles take over. The supraspinatus produces about the first 15 degrees of motion. Supraspinatus is responsible for movement away from the centerline of your body (abduction).The acronym SITS can help you remember these four muscles: All together they help hold your upper arm in place in the shoulder socket.Īll four muscles originate in your shoulder blade, but the other end of the muscle leads to different parts of your upper arm bone. Each of them aids in a specific motion of your shoulder. Together they assist in stabilizing the shoulder joint as well as in performing various arm movements.įour muscles and their attached tendons make up the rotator cuff. Share on Pinterest Four muscles make up the rotator cuff: the subscapularis, teres minor, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus.
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